| Section | Subsection | Combined | Description of Violation for VTL Sections |
| 207 | 5 | 207 5 | Misuse / unlawful disposal of uniform traffic summons |
| Periodic Inspection of Motor Vehicles – Article 5 | |||
| 306 | (b) | 306 (b) | Uninspected MV |
| 306 | (e) | 306 (e) | Issue or use fake or counterfeit inspection certificate |
| Financial Security – Article 6, 7, 8 | |||
| 318 | 7 | 318 7 | Failure to surrender registration, plates, license after revocation |
| 319 | 1 | 319 1 | Operate / permit operation w/o financial security |
| 319 | 2 | 319 2 | Improper insurance card |
| 355 | 355 | Operate w/o proof of financial security after revocation | |
| 370 | 4 | 370 4 | Failure notify insurer-accident / hire vehicle |
| Motor Vehicle and Motorcycle Equipment – Article 9 | |||
| 375 | 1 | 375 1 | MV with no/inadequate brakes; steering mechanism; horn; windshield wipers |
| 375 | 1a | 375 1a | Loud or unnecessary horn |
| 375 | 1b | 375 1b | Unauthorized window stickers |
| 375 | 1b | 375 1b | Attached handbills to windshield |
| 375 | 2(a)1 | 375 2(a)1 | No/inadequate headlights (MV) when dark or when windshield wipers are in use |
| 375 | 2(a)3 | 375 2(a)3 | No / inadequate tail lights (2-lamp) |
| 375 | 2(a)4 | 375 2(a)4 | No / inadequate plate light |
| 375 | 2(b) | 375 2(b) | Dazzling lights |
| 375 | 2(c) | 375 2(c) | Unauthorized light/s |
| 375 | 3 | 375 3 | Failed to dim – meeting/overtaking |
| 375 | 4 | 375 4 | Unapproved headlights |
| 375 | 10a | 375 10a | No mirror on MV |
| 375 | 10c r | 375 10c r | No adjustable interior mirror |
| 375 | 10-a | 375 10-a | No left side view mirror |
| 375 | 12-a | 375 12-a | Nontransparent windshield |
| 375 | 12-a(b)(1) | 375 12-a(b)(1) | Windshield less than 70% light transmittance |
| 375 | 12-a(b)(1) | 375 12-a(b)(1) | Operator side windows less than 70% light transmittance |
| 375 | 18 | 375 18 | No / inadequate directionals |
| 375 | 20(a) | 375 20(a) | No flashing light on front & rear of bus |
| 375 | 20(c) | 375 20(c) | School bus sign not lighted |
| 375 | 22 | 375 22 | Glass broken/fractured/discolored so visibility is distorted |
| 375 | 26 | 375 26 | Unauthorized gong/siren (not anti-theft device) |
| 375 | 27 | 375 27 | No light / red flag on load |
| 375 | 28 | 375 28 | Unnecessary smoke/offensive vapors |
| 375 | 29 | 375 29 | Improper towing |
| 375 | 30 | 375 30 | Front or rear view obstructed |
| 375 | 31 | 375 31 | No / inadequate muffler MV |
| 375 | 31-a | 375 31-a | Sell, install, use “straight pipes” MC muffler |
| 375 | 34 | 375 34 | No/improper backup lights |
| 375 | 40(b) | 375 40(b) | No / inadequate brake lights |
| 375 | 41-1 | 375 41-1 | Unauthorized light/revolving, flashing, etc. |
| 375 | 41-2 | 375 41-2 | Unauthorized red and white light |
| 375 | 41-3 | 375 41-3 | Unauthorized amber light |
| 375 | 41-4 | 375 41-4 | Unauthorized blue light/improper use |
| 375 | 41-5 | 375 41-5 | Unauthorized green light/improper use |
| 375 | 47a | 375 47a | Radio playing in excess of 70 decibels |
| 375 | 48b | 375 48b | No front or rear bumper |
| Motorcycle Equipment – Article 9 | |||
| 381 | 1(a) | 381 1(a) | No/inadequate brakes/horn/lights/muffler |
| 381 | 5 | 381 5 | Handlebars over operator’s shoulders |
| 381 | 6 | 381 6 | No / inadequate helmet |
| 381 | 7 | 381 7 | No/inadequate goggles/face shield |
| 381 | 11 | 381 11 | No/inadequate muffler or MC equipped w/straight pipes |
| Miscellaneous Provisions – Article 12 | |||
| 396 | 1 | 396 1 | Unauthorized federal/state/muni. shield/lettering |
| 396 | 2 | 396 2 | Unauthorized police dept. seal/shield/etc. |
| 396 | 3 | 396 3 | Unauthorized fire dept. seal/shield/lettering |
| 397 | 397 | Police radio receiver in private vehicle | |
| Registration / Plates of MV – Article 14 | |||
| 401 | 1a | 401 1a | Unregistered motor vehicle |
| 401 | 3a | 401 3a | Fail to change address on registration |
| 401 | 7F(b) | 401 7F(b) | Overweight on registration (single vehicle) |
| 401 | 8c | 401 8c | Overweight on registration (combos) |
| 401 | 8d | 401 8d | Overweight on registration (certain trailers) |
| 402 | 402 | Plates / obstructed / dirty / insecure | |
| 402 | 2 | 402 2 | More than 1 State plate/no contrast of color |
| 402 | 3 | 402 3 | Unregistered trailer |
| 402 | 4 | 402 4 | Improper plates |
| 402 | 5 | 402 5 | Permitted improper use of plates |
| 402 | 6 | 402 6 | Owner of vehicle used wrong plate |
| 402 | 402 | Registration tag not on windshield | |
| 403-a | 403-a | Falsifying temporary indicia of registration | |
| Registration / Plates of Motorcycles – Article 15 | |||
| 410 | 1 | 410 1 | Unregistered Motorcycle |
| 411 | 1 | 411 1 | No distinctive no plate-Motorcycle |
| 411 | 2 | 411 2 | Plate not issued by commissioner-Motorcycle |
| 411 | 3 | 411 3 | Improper plates-Motorcycle |
| 411 | 4 | 411 4 | Permitted use of improper plates-Motorcycle |
| Driver’s Licenses / General – Article 19, Article 20, Article 21a | |||
| 509 | 1 | 509 1 | Operating w/o license |
| 509 | 2 | 509 2 | Operating out of appropriate class |
| 509 | 3 | 509 3 | Operating out of restriction |
| 509 | 4 | 509 4 | Permitting unlicensed operation |
| 509 | 5 | 509 5 | Holding more than 1 NYS license |
| 509 | 6 | 509 6 | Permit improper use of license/use or possess forged/fictitious license |
| 509 | 7 | 509 7 | Fail to exhibit license to magistrate |
| 509 | 8 | 509 8 | Fail to change address on license |
| 509 | 9 | 509 9 | No notice of disability |
| 511 | 1 | 511 1 | Aggravated unlicensed operation 3E |
| 511 | 2 | 511 2 | Aggravated unlicensed operation 2E |
| 511 | 3 | 511 3 | Aggravated unlicensed operation 1E |
| 512 | 512 | Operation w/suspended registration | |
| 515 | 515 | Alteration of license conviction stub | |
| 530 | -6 | 530 -6 | Improper use of restricted use license |
| 530 | -7 | 530 -7 | Expired restricted use license |
| Accidents and Accident Reports – Article 22 | |||
| 600 | 1a | 600 1a | Left scene accident with property damage |
| 600 | 2a | 600 2a | Left scene accident with physical injury |
| 600 | 2a | 600 2a | Left scene acc. w/serious phy. injury/death |
| 601 | 601 | Left scene acc. w/injury to dog/horse/cattle | |
| 605 | (a) | 605 (a) | Fail to report acc. w/death, phys. inj., or prop. dam., in excess of $1000) |
| Rules of the Road / Signs and Signals – Article 24 | |||
| 1102 | 1102 | Fail to obey order of police/flag person | |
| 1110 | (a) | 1110 (a) | Failed to obey traffic control device/police sign |
| 1111 | (a)1 | 1111 (a)1 | Fail to yield with green light |
| 1111 | (a)2 | 1111 (a)2 | Fail to yield with green arrow |
| 1111 | (b)3 | 1111 (b)3 | Pedestrian crossed against yellow signal |
| 1111 | (d)1 | 1111 (d)1 | Passed circular red signal |
| 1111 | (d)2a | 1111 (d)2a | Failed to stop at red signal before turning right/fail to yield to ped/traffic (2-way) |
| 1111 | (d)2b | 1111 (d)2b | Failed to stop at red signal before turning right/fail to yield to ped/traffic (1-way) |
| 1111 | (d)3 | 1111 (d)3 | Passed red arrow |
| 1111 | (d)4 | 1111 (d)4 | Pedestrian crossed against red signal |
| 1111 | (d)5 | 1111 (d)5 | Right on red/school bus transporting pupils |
| 1113 | (a) | 1113 (a) | Failure to stop at flashing red signal |
| Right of Way, Passing Other Vehicles / Staying in Lanes – Article 25 | |||
| 1120 | (a) | 1120 (a) | Failed to keep right |
| 1120 | (b) | 1120 (b) | Failed to keep right (slow moving vehicle) |
| 1121 | 1121 | Failed to yield one-half roadway | |
| 1122 | (a) | 1122 (a) | Passed vehicle on right |
| 1122 | (b) | 1122 (b) | Failed to give way when being passed |
| 1123 | (b) | 1123 (b) | Left pavement to pass on right |
| 1124 | 1124 | While passing on left, interfered with safe operation of oncoming vehicle | |
| 1126 | (a) | 1126 (a) | Drove left of pavement markings |
| 1127 | (a) | 1127 (a) | Wrong way on one-way street |
| 1128 | (a) | 1128 (a) | Moved from lane unsafely |
| 1128 | (c) | 1128 (c) | Failed to use designated lane |
| 1128 | (d) | 1128 (d) | Drove across hazardous markings |
| 1129 | (a) | 1129 (a) | Following too closely |
| 1129 | (b) | 1129 (b) | Failed to leave sufficient space |
| 1129 | (c) | 1129 (c) | Failed to leave sufficient space (motorcade, except funerals) |
| 1130 | 1 | 1130 1 | Drove across mall/median |
| 1130 | 2 | 1130 2 | Unauthorized. entry/exit controlled access highway |
| 1131 | 1131 | Drive on shoulder | |
| Right of Way – Article 26 | |||
| 1140 | (a) | 1140 (a) | Fail to yield approaching intersection |
| 1140 | (b) | 1140 (b) | Driver on left failed to yield in intersection |
| 1141 | 1141 | Fail to yield – left turn | |
| 1142 | (a) | 1142 (a) | Fail to stop – stop sign/failed to yield |
| 1142 | (b) | 1142 (b) | Fail to yield – yield sign |
| 1143 | 1143 | Fail to yield – entering roadway | |
| 1144 | (a) | 1144 (a) | Fail to yield to author. emergency vehicle |
| 1145 | 1145 | Fail to yield at traffic circle | |
| 1146 | 1146 | Fail to exercise due care to avoid collision | |
| 1151 | (a) | 1151 (a) | Fail to yield to pedestrian in crosswalk |
| Turning at Intersections – Article 28 | |||
| 1160 | (a) | 1160 (a) | Improper right turn |
| 1160 | (b) | 1160 (b) | Improper left turn (two-way) |
| 1160 | (c) | 1160 (c) | Improper left turn (one-way) |
| 1160 | (d) | 1160 (d) | Failed to turn as required |
| 1161 | 1161 | U-turn at grade/curve | |
| 1162 | 1162 | Moved stopped vehicle unsafely | |
| 1163 | (a) | 1163 (a) | Improper/unsafe turn |
| 1163 | (b) | 1163 (b) | Failed to signal for turn |
| 1163 | (c) | 1163 (c) | Failed to signal when stopping |
| 1163 | (e) | 1163 (e) | Failed to use emergency flashers |
| 1164 | (b) | 1164 (b) | No directionals – certain vehicles |
| 1166 | (a) | 1166 (a) | Improper right turn off roadway |
| 1166 | (b) | 1166 (b) | Improper left turn off roadway |
| 1166 | (c) | 1166 (c) | Improper left turn (one-way) off roadway |
| Special Stops – Article 29 | |||
| 1172 | (a) | 1172 (a) | Disobeyed stop sign |
| 1172 | (b) | 1172 (b) | Failed to stop for yield sign when required |
| 1173 | 1173 | Failed to stop – emerging from alley, driveway, private road, or building | |
| 1174 | (a) | 1174 (a) | Passed stopped school bus/lights flashing |
| 1174 | (b) | 1174 (b) | Failed to keep school bus halted/lighted |
| 1175 | 1175 | Entered intersection when room unavailable (gridlock) | |
| Speed Restrictions – Article 30 | |||
| 1180 | (a) | 1180 (a) | Speed not reasonable/prudent |
| 1180 | (d) | 1180 (d) | Speeding in excess of posted limits |
| 1181 | (a) | 1181 (a) | Impeding traffic – driving too slowly |
| 1182 | 1 | 1182 1 | Unauthorized speed contest (drag race) |
| Alcohol and Drug Offenses – Article 31 | |||
| 1192 | 1 | 1192 1 | D.W.A.I. (alcohol) |
| 1192 | 2 | 1192 2 | D.W.I. (.08% or more)/tested |
| 1192 | 2a | 1192 2a | Aggravated D.W.I. (.18% or more)/tested |
| 1192 | 2a(b) | 1192 2a(b) | D.W.I. w/child 15 yrs or less is passenger |
| 1192 | 3 | 1192 3 | D.W.I./observation |
| 1192 | 4 | 1192 4 | D.W.A.I. (drugs) |
| 1192 | 4a | 1192 4a | D.W.A.I. (combined drugs and or alcohol) |
| 1192 | 5 | 1192 5 | D.W.I./commercial vehicle (.04% to .06%) |
| 1192 | 6 | 1192 6 | D.W.I./commercial vehicle (.06% to .08%) |
| 1194 | 2(b) | 1194 2(b) | Refusal of screening test |
| Stopping / Standing / Parking – Article 32 | |||
| 1200 | (d) | 1200 (d) | Fail to obey sign-stop/stand/parked |
| 1201 | (a) | 1201 (a) | Stop/stand/park veh. attended/unattended on roadway blocking traffic |
| 1202 | (a)1a | 1202 (a)1a | Double parked/stopped/stand |
| 1202 | (a)1b | 1202 (a)1b | Stop/stand/parked on sidewalk |
| 1202 | (d)1c | 1202 (d)1c | Stop/stand/parked in intersection |
| 1202 | (a)1d | 1202 (a)1d | Stop/stand/parked on crosswalk |
| 1202 | (a)2a | 1202 (a)2a | Stand/parked blocking driveway |
| 1202 | (a)2b | 1202 (a)2b | Stand/parked within 20′ of crosswalk |
| 1202 | (a)2c | 1202 (a)2c | Stand/parked within 30′ of signal/stop sign |
| 1202 | (a)2d | 1202 (a)2d | Stand/parked proximity of fire station |
| 1202 | (a)2e | 1202 (a)2e | Stand/parked veh. blocking cut curb area |
| 1202 | (a)3b | 1202 (a)3b | Parked within 15′ fire hydrant |
| 1203 | (a) | 1203 (a) | Parked wrong side/more than 12″ from curb (2-way road) |
| 1203 | (b) | 1203 (b) | Parked wrong side/more than 12″ from curb (1-way road) |
| 1203 | (d)1 | 1203 (d)1 | Displayed parked vehicle for sale |
| 1203 | (d)2 | 1203 (d)2 | Repaired vehicle on highway |
| Handicapped Parking – Article 32 | |||
| 1203-b | 2 | 1203-b 2 | Stop/stand/parked in handicapped area (street) |
| 1203-c | 1 | 1203-c 1 | Failed to designate area for handicapped |
| 1203-c | 2 | 1203-c 2 | Failed to properly identify area for handicapped |
| 1203-c | 4 | 1203-c 4 | Parked in handicapped area (off street) |
| 1203-e | 1203-e | Dumping snow in handicapped area | |
| Miscellaneous Rules – Article 33 | |||
| 1210 | (a) | 1210 (a) | Leaving engine on/key in unattended MV |
| 1211 | (a) | 1211 (a) | Unsafe backing |
| 1212 | 1212 | Reckless driving | |
| 1213 | (a) | 1213 (a) | Obstructed vision/4 persons in front seat |
| 1213 | (b) | 1213 (b) | Passenger obstructed view/interfered with driver |
| 1214 | 1214 | Opened door unsafely | |
| 1217 | 1217 | Following fire apparatus too closely | |
| 1217 | 1217 | Parked within 1000′ of fire scene | |
| 1218 | 1218 | Crossing fire hose | |
| 1219 | (a) | 1219 (a) | Deposited injurious substance on highway |
| 1219 | (c) | 1219 (c) | Tow operator failed to remove debris |
| 1220 | (a) | 1220 (a) | Deposited refuse on/near highway |
| 1221 | 1221 | Drove through safety zone | |
| 1222 | 1a | 1222 1a | No seats – truck carrying people |
| 1222 | 1b | 1222 1b | 3′ side racks – truck carrying people |
| 1222 | 1c | 1222 1c | No tailgate – truck carrying people |
| 1222 | 2 | 1222 2 | Truck carrying 6 people w/o person 18 yrs |
| 1224 | 7(a) | 1224 7(a) | Abandoned vehicle |
| 1225 | 1225 | Avoided intersection/traffic control device | |
| 1225-c | 2a | 1225-c 2a | Use mobile telephone while driving |
| 1225-d | 1 | 1225-d 1 | Use portable electronic device while driving |
| 1225-a | 1225-a | Driving on sidewalk | |
| 1226 | 1226 | Removed both hands from wheel | |
| 1227 | 1 | 1227 1 | Driver/ passenger used alcholic beverage in MV |
| 1229-c | 1 | 1229-c 1 | Rear seat under 7 not in child restraint seat |
| 1229-c | 1 | 1229-c 1 | Rear seat under 16 no seat belt |
| 1229-c | 2 | 1229-c 2 | Front seat under 7 not in child restraint seat |
| 1229-c | 2 | 1229-c 2 | Front seat under 16 no seat belt |
| 1229-c | 3 | 1229-c 3 | No seat belt – driver/front seat pass. over 16 |
| Bicycles and Play Devices – Article 34 | |||
| 1233 | 2 | 1233 2 | Ride/attach oneself to vehicle |
| 1233 | 3 | 1233 3 | Permitting person to ride/attach device-MV |
| 1236 | (e) | 1236 (e) | No reflectors on bicycle |
| 1238 | 5(b) | 1238 5(b) | No helmet on bicycle operator under 14 |
| Operation of Motorcycles – Article 34a | |||
| 1251 | (a) | 1251 (a) | 2 persons on seat for 1 |
| 1251 | (b) | 1251 (b) | Sitting improperly/astride seat |
| 1251 | (c) | 1251 (c) | Carrying object/2 hands not on handlebars |
| 1251 | (d) | 1251 (d) | Passenger interfered with driver |
| 1252 | (a) | 1252 (a) | MC/MV deprives MC use of full lane |
| 1252 | (b) | 1252 (b) | MC passing in same lane |
| 1252 | (c) | 1252 (c) | MC operating between autos |
| 1252 | (d) | 1252 (d) | More than 2 abreast in same lane |
| 1253 | 1253 | Clinging to other vehicles | |
| Certificate of Titles – Article 46 | |||
| 2130 | (a)1 | 2130 (a)1 | Alters/forge certificate of title |
| 2130 | (a)2 | 2130 (a)2 | Alters/forges assignment of cert. of title |
| 2130 | (a)3 | 2130 (a)3 | Possesses altered/forged certificate of title |
| 2130 | (a)4 | 2130 (a)4 | Uses false name/makes false statement to secure certificate of title |
| Limited Use Vehicles – Article 48a | |||
| 2261 | 1 | 2261 1 | Unregistered limited use vehicle |
| 2264 | 1 | 2264 1 | Number plates not displayed |
| 2264 | 4 | 2264 4 | Misuse dealer plates |
| All Terrain Vehicles – Article 48b | Article 48c | |||
| 2282 | 1 | 2282 1 | Unregistered ATV |
| 2403 | 1 | 2403 1 | Operating ATV on highway |
| 2403 | 2 | 2403 2 | Operating ATV on public land not designated for ATVs |
| 2403 | 3 | 2403 3 | Operating ATV on private land w/o owner’s consent |
| 2404 | 1(a) | 2404 1(a) | Unreasonable speed |
| 2404 | 1(b) | 2404 1(b) | Reckless or negligent operation |
| 2404 | 1(g) | 2404 1(g) | Within 100′ of dwelling between midnight & 6:00 a.m. |
| 2404 | 1(h) | 2404 1(h) | Operating on public lands/private property while dwi dui |
| 2404 | 2(b) | 2404 2(b) | Failure to obey lawful order |
| 2406 | 1(b) | 2406 1(b) | No / improper muffler |
| 2406 | 1(e) | 2406 1(e) | No / improper front and rear lights |
| 2406 | 2 | 2406 2 | No / improper helmet |
| 2407 | 4 | 2407 4 | No insurance |
| 2410 | 1 | 2410 1 | Operator under 16 w/o supervision of person 18 or over |
Vehicle and Traffic Law, State of New York
